The Russian Duma ratified the Reciprocal Exchange of Logistics Support (RELOS) agreement just before President Putin’s visit to New Delhi, marking a significant step in the evolving defense collaboration between India and Russia. This agreement not only operationalizes a long-neglected framework but also enhances maritime engagement from Chennai to the Arctic. Negotiated since 2019, RELOS prepares India to navigate a rapidly changing geopolitical landscape.
India’s maritime strategy has evolved from a focus on continental security to a more expansive maritime vision, spurred by regional challenges like China’s assertiveness. The initiation of the Security and Growth for All in the Region (SAGAR) doctrine and subsequent strategies underscored India’s need to secure vital sea lanes. Although initial hesitance about aligning militarily with other nations persisted, the 2016 Logistics Exchange Memorandum of Agreement (LEMOA) with the U.S. marked a turning point, enabling India to forge similar agreements globally.
With the ratification of RELOS, India gains logistical access to over 40 Russian bases, which could expand its operational reach significantly, including engagement in the Arctic. The agreement enhances India’s capability to safeguard maritime routes and play a larger role in the emerging Eurasian maritime order. However, economic disparities and the ongoing geopolitical complexities necessitate cautious optimism as both nations pursue further cooperation.
